400 seconds after firing the new boiler, it is observed that the pressure indicator is faulty.The heat input rate and the check valve characteristics remain unchanged. The new boiler is double the size of the previous one. Due to severe clogging, boiler is swapped with a temporary one.A flow measuring device is installed upstream to measure steam flow rate.Once steam generation begins, level of the water in boiler is maintained and continuous operation is achieved. When the required pressure is achieved, check valve opens letting out steam. Steam builds up to the required pressure. Mode of operation of boiler is unchanged- Half of the boiler volume filled with water, then fired.The check valve opens when the required pressure is achieved. Check valve, pressure and level indicators are present.

In the isomerisation of light naphtha, how often dp you regenerate or replace the catalysts (Pt/chlorinated alumina, Pt/zeolite and Pt/sulfated-zirconia) in the reactor and the adsorbent (Zeolite Beta) in pressure swing adsorption? Do we need to use both hydrotreating and hydrocracking? Will it be different compared to gas-oil hydrotreating?Ĭould any one tell me what is the cost of refining a barrel of crude oil or how can i predict it for typical refineries ,as well as the forecast ,thank you in advance I would like some insights on how to convert the Fischer-Tropsch wax (C5-C40 both paraffins and olefins) to Aviation fuel and Gasoline. I am working on a process for aviation fuel and gasoline production from biomass gasification via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using cobalt based catalyst. What is the typical discount rate in an oil refinery feasibility study to get an optimum result for NPV? Why aren't the draw off temperatures close to the IBP, FBP of the products? For example, the draw temperature of kerosene is 193degC where as the lab results suggest 140degC IBP and 240degC FBP. During precommissioning a diesel unit why we can not start the recycle gas compressor with 100 % hydrogen before catalyst sulfiding as per the licensor: 50% nitrogen with 50% hydrogen?

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